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Information and related resources

We’ve compiled select resources about the science, manufacture and use of PFAS today (last updated May 2025).

Common questions about PFAS

Please note: 3M cannot provide, and this page is not intended to provide, medical advice to individuals. Readers with personal health questions concerning PFAS should consult with their respective physicians.

What are PFAS?

PFAS can refer to a broad category of thousands of compounds with distinct and widely varying properties and characteristics. They can be gases, liquids, or solids – and many different organizations define “PFAS” differently.

What are PFOA and PFOS?

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perflurooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) are two types of fluorochemistries that were formerly made and used in many products. 3M announced in 2000 that we would phase out of manufacturing of PFOA and PFOS as a proactive measure and have done so worldwide.

How have PFAS been used in 3M products?

PFAS have been used in everyday applications to promote durability, water resistance, heat resistance, grease and stain resistance, thermal stability, surfactant properties and many other qualities.

PFAS have been used and are critical in the manufacture of many products that are important for modern life, including medical technologies, semiconductors, batteries, phones, automobiles and airplanes, firefighting and military use.

Find additional details, including 3M’s products that contain PFAS

3M announced in December 2022 it will take two actions with respect to PFAS: exiting all PFAS manufacturing by the end of 2025, and working to discontinue the use of PFAS across its product portfolio by the end of 2025. 3M is progressing toward the exit of all PFAS manufacturing by the end of 2025. The Company continues to discuss its PFAS manufacturing exit, and related issues involving the disposition of manufacturing assets, with customers, government authorities, and other stakeholders, and the Company remains focused on completing the exit in a timely and orderly fashion.
3M is also working to discontinue the use of PFAS across its product portfolio by the end of 2025 and has made progress in eliminating the use of PFAS across its product portfolio in a variety of applications. With respect to PFAS-containing products not manufactured by 3M in the Company's supply chains, the Company continues to evaluate the availability and feasibility of third-party products that do not contain PFAS. Depending on the availability and feasibility of such third-party products not containing PFAS, the Company continues to evaluate circumstances in which the use of PFAS-containing products manufactured by third parties and used in certain applications in 3M’s product portfolios, such as lithium ion batteries, printed circuit boards and certain seals and gaskets, all widely used in commerce across a variety of industries, and in some cases required by regulatory or industry standards, may or are expected to, depending on applications, continue beyond 2025. In other cases, sales of products manufactured before the end of 2025, regulatory approval, or customer re-certification or re-qualification of substitutes or replacements to eliminate the use of PFAS manufactured by third parties may not be completed, or, depending on circumstances, are not expected to be completed, by the end of 2025. With respect to PFAS-containing products manufactured by third parties, the Company intends to continue to evaluate beyond the end of 2025 the adoption of third-party products that do not contain PFAS to the extent such products are available and such adoption is feasible.

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3M agreement with the government of Flanders

Get more information (Dutch)

PFAS studies authored or sponsored by 3M

Our team of professional health scientists, including epidemiologists, toxicologists, and medical professionals, have conducted decades of research about PFAS and health science. 3M has authored or sponsored more than 150 studies on PFAS and health science topics and published them in peer reviewed journals. A comprehensive list of these studies is available below. We will periodically update this list.

3M PFAS Health Science Publication Citations (PDF, 242 KB) — Last updated May 15, 2025

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