Treatment Options

A variety of antibacterial medications are used to treat bacterial vaginosis. Metronidazole is the most commonly prescribed medication.⁸ Both oral (tablets) and intravaginal treatments (gels or creams inserted into the vagina) are available. A health care provider can provide the best information on which form is the most appropriate. Metronidazole has a targeted action against the harmful bacteria present in BV, yet it does not destroy the protective bacteria called lactobacilli that protect against yeast and harmful bacteria.¹ Clindamycin, an antibiotic available in oral and intravaginal form, may also be used to treat BV.

Over-the-counter yeast treatments are not effective in treating bacterial vaginosis. Medications that treat bacterial vaginosis are available only by prescription.

Other over-the-counter products (such as douches and feminine hygiene sprays) should not be used to treat bacterial vaginosis. In fact, these products may actually contribute to the development of bacterial vaginosis. It is especially important for women not to douche or use sprays before seeing a health care provider, because these products can mask features that help diagnose the infection.

As with all medications, it is essential to finish the course of treatment, even if symptoms have disappeared.

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